Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria

View additional distribution information on the Jepson eflora

Apocynum cannabinum (Dogbane, Amy Root, Hemp Dogbane, Prairie Dogbane, Indian Hemp, Rheumatism Root, or Wild Cotton) is a perennial herbaceous plant that grows throughout much of North America - in the southern half of Canada and throughout the United States. It is a poisonous plant: Apocynum means "poisonous to dogs". All parts of the plant are poisonous and can cause cardiac arrest if ingested. The cannabinum in the scientific name and the common names Hemp Dogbane and Indian Hemp refer to its similarity to Cannabis as a fiber plant (see Hemp), rather than as a source of a psychoactive drug (see Cannabis (drug)). Although dogbane is poisonous to livestock, it likely got its name from its resemblance to a European species of the same name. Apocynum cannabinum grows in open wooded areas, ditches, and hillsides. It is found in gravelly or sandy soil, mainly near streams in shady or moist places. Apocynum cannabinum grows up to 2 meters/6 feet tall. The stems are reddish and contain a milky latex capable of causing skin blisters. The leaves are opposite, simple broad lanceolate, 7-15 cm long and 3-5 cm broad, entire, and smooth on top with white hairs on the underside. It flowers from July to August, has large sepals, and a five-lobed white corolla. The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs) and are pollinated by moths and butterflies. Invasive species. In gardens it can be invasive, growing from spreading roots.

Plant type

Perennial herb

Size

3 - 7 ft Tall

Form

Upright

Growth rate

Moderate

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Color

White, Cream, Brown

Flowering season

Summer

Sun

Partial Shade

Water

Low, Moderate

Soil drainage

Fast

Soil description

Prefers moist sandy or gravelly soil.

Sunset Zones

1*, 2*, 3*, 4, 5, 6*, 7*, 8*, 9*, 10, 14*, 15*, 16*, 17*, 18*, 19*, 20*, 21*

Site type

Moist places

Plant communities

Chaparral, Foothill Woodland, Lodgepole Forest, Red Fir Forest, Valley Grassland, Yellow Pine Forest, Wetland-Riparian

Bees
Butterflies

Pollinators supported

1 confirmed and 131 likely

  • Likely

  • Confirmed

Margined Calligrapher

Toxomerus marginatus

Milbert's Tortoiseshell

Aglais milberti

Dark Sword Grass Moth

Agrotis ipsilon

Purple Miner Bee

Andrena prunorum

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Asparagus

Asparagus officinalis

Chicory

Cichorium intybus

Alfalfa

Medicago sativa

Plums & Prunes

Prunus